次世代中電圧スイッチギヤの技術

カテゴリ: 技術報告

論文No: 1036

グループ名: 【B】電力・エネルギー部門

発行日: 2005/10/05

タイトル(英語): Next-Generation Medium-Voltage Switchgear Technology

著者名: 次世代中電圧スイッチギヤの技術調査専門委員会

著者名(英語): Expert Committee on Next-Generation Medium-Voltage Switchgear Technology

キーワード: Medium Voltage, Switchgear, Circuit breaker, Insulation, Next-generation

要約(日本語): 中電圧スイッチギヤは，発電から送配電・需要家の受電に至る広範囲な領域に適用されている。これら多くのユーザのニーズに応えるため，中電圧スイッチギヤの課題は，電力エネルギー安定供給のための高信頼度機器，保護制御システム，土地有効利用と経済性追求のための機器縮小化，保守点検を容易にするための操作性向上と予測保全，機器内部故障時に発生する高温高圧ガスや感電から操作員を守る筐体の安全性向上，機器故障やアークによる火災防止対策，外部環境に影響されないための耐候性向上など，多様化，高度化し時代に則して変化している。最近では，廃棄物リサイクルや地球温暖化防止および原材料採掘から廃棄までの全プロセスを考慮したライフサイクルアセスメントに基づく、環境調和への適合も追加された課題となっている。 従来は遮断器等の個別機器を接地金属容器に収納するのが一般的であったが，上記の課題の変化に対応して，個別機器を集積・複合・簡素化した複合機器が開発されている。 次世代中電圧スイッチギヤの主な技術課題には縮小化を目的とした真空・空気・固体・液体絶縁など主絶縁に関する技術改良，機能を複合化する要素機器の開発，地球温暖化防止を目指した発熱低減技術など多くの基礎技術開発が求められる。 以上の背景から，中電圧スイッチギヤの機器構成・絶縁・遮断などの技術改良および新技術開発を調査・整理し、次世代スイッチギヤの概要，将来展望，今後の課題を探った。

要約(英語): Medium-voltage (MV) switchgears are used in an extensive range of applications from power generation through power transmission to power receiving. To meet the needs of this broad spectrum of users, the problems associated with MV switchgears have changed in accordance with the timely needs for diversification and sophistication, calling for high-reliability to assure stable power supply, protective control system, miniaturization to meet the needs for more effective land use and economic efficiency, improved ease of operation and predictive maintenance to facilitate maintenance and inspection, enhanced safety of housings to protect operator personnel from electric shock and high-temperature and high-pressure gases that are generated in equipment during breakdown, disaster prevention measures in accidents due to equipment breakdown or arc formation and enhanced weather resistance to exclude the adverse influences of ambient conditions. In recent years, the need for recycling and for the prevention of global warming as well as the need for environmental compatibility have been added as new problem areas based on a life-cycle assessment that the entire life of equipment into consideration, from the extraction of the material resources to the disposal of the products at the end of their life cycle. The general practice in the past was to install individual units such as breakers in grounded panels. In response to the above problem areas, however, complex equipment has been developed through the integrating and compounding of individual units. The main technical issues for the development of next-generation medium-voltage switchgear call for fundamental technology development in a range of technical fields, including primarily technical advances in insulation techniques using vacuum, air, solid, or liquid insulation with a view to miniaturization, the development of elemental units with complex functions and the development of technology to reduce heat generation in an effort to prevent global warming. Against this backdrop, this Report investigates and scrutinizes in a systematic manner the technology improvement and the new technology development efforts required in terms of MV switchgear equipment configuration, insulation and circuit breaking performance.

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